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Photovoltaic Library (PDF) – Image: Xpert.Digital / Benvenuto Cellini|Shutterstock.com

Large PDF library: Market monitoring and market intelligence on the topic of photovoltaics.

Data is reviewed and its relevance assessed at regular intervals. This usually yields a number of interesting pieces of information and documentation, which we summarize in a PDF presentation: our own data analyses and marketing intelligence, as well as external market observations.

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• Overview of Photovoltaics/Solar Library & Interesting Facts as PDFs for download

Development of industrial electricity prices in Germany – Image: Xpert.Digital

Index for the development of industrial electricity prices in Germany from 1998 to 2021 (1998 = Index 100)

Forecast from 2021 to 2030 in various scenarios. The statistic shows the index for the development of industrial electricity prices in Germany from 1998 to 2021. Starting from 1998 (index value = 100), the index value for the development of industrial electricity prices in Germany was 195 points in 2021.

The data refers to medium-voltage supplied industries with an annual electricity consumption of 160 to 20,000 megawatt hours.

Following the decisions on phasing out coal and the Climate Protection Act in 2019, electricity prices are expected to rise by approximately 40% by 2030.

Industry – Electricity price (incl. electricity tax) in Germany until 2021 – Image: Xpert.Digital

Electricity price including taxes for industrial consumers. Industrial electricity prices* (including electricity tax) in Germany from 1998 to 2021 (in euro cents per kilowatt hour)

The industrial electricity price, including electricity tax, was 18.25 cents per kilowatt-hour in Germany in 2021. The index for the development of industrial electricity prices in Germany also shows that electricity prices have risen significantly in recent years. However, when prices are considered without levied taxes, a decline can be observed in Germany.

Composition of the industrial electricity price

The German industrial electricity price, including taxes, is composed of various components. The largest share is comprised of "procurement, grid fees, and distribution," followed by the EEG surcharge, which finances the expansion of renewable energies in Germany. For annual electricity consumption of 500 to 2,000 megawatt hours, the price of industrial electricity, excluding taxes, was highest in Malta, Ireland, and Cyprus compared to other European countries. Germany ranked twelfth among European countries in terms of industrial electricity prices.

Household electricity prices

Regarding electricity prices for residential customers with an annual consumption of 1,000 to 2,500 kilowatt hours, Germany was among the countries with the highest electricity prices in the EU. The cheapest electricity for households in the European Union was found in Bulgaria, Hungary, and Lithuania. In Germany, these prices have tended to rise since 2007. As in industry, the price was primarily composed of network charges, procurement and distribution costs, and the EEG surcharge.

Industry – Composition of electricity prices in Germany 2021 – Image: Xpert.Digital

Medium-voltage supplied industrial plants (consumption from 100 kW/1,600 h to 4,000 kW/5,000 h); annual consumption 160 to 20,000 megawatt hours. The balancing mechanism regulation applies from 2010. Some values ​​have been rounded.

The statistic shows the composition of the electricity price for industry in Germany in the years 2020 and 2021. In 2021, the electricity tax for an industrial plant supplied via medium voltage in Germany was 1.54 cents per kilowatt hour.

Composition of the electricity price for industry in Germany in the years 2017 to 2021 (in euro cents per kilowatt hour)

Industry – Composition of the electricity price in Germany 2021

• Procurement, network charges, distribution – 9.17 cents per kilowatt hour
• EEG surcharge – 6.50 cents per kilowatt hour
• Electricity tax – 1.54 cents per kilowatt hour
• Offshore liability levy (from 2013) – 0.40 cents per kilowatt hour
• §19 StromNEV surcharge – 0.27 cents per kilowatt hour
• CHP surcharge – 0.25 cents per kilowatt hour
• Concession fee – 0.11 cents per kilowatt hour
• Surcharge for interruptible loads (from 2014) – 0.01 cents per kilowatt hour

Industry – Composition of the electricity price in Germany 2020

• Procurement, network charges, distribution – 8.48 cents per kilowatt hour
• EEG surcharge – 6.76 cents per kilowatt hour
• Electricity tax – 1.54 cents per kilowatt hour
• Offshore liability levy (from 2013) – 0.42 cents per kilowatt hour
• §19 StromNEV surcharge – 0.23 cents per kilowatt hour
• CHP surcharge – 0.23 cents per kilowatt hour
• Concession fee – 0.11 cents per kilowatt hour
• Surcharge for interruptible loads (from 2014) – 0.01 cents per kilowatt hour

Industry – Composition of the electricity price in Germany 2019

• Procurement, network charges, distribution – 9.48 cents per kilowatt hour
• EEG surcharge – 6.41 cents per kilowatt hour
• Electricity tax – 1.54 cents per kilowatt hour
• Offshore liability levy (from 2013) – 0.42 cents per kilowatt hour
• §19 Electricity Network Access Ordinance (StromNEV) surcharge – 0.20 cents per kilowatt hour
• CHP surcharge – 0.28 cents per kilowatt hour
• Concession fee – 0.11 cents per kilowatt hour
• Surcharge for interruptible loads (from 2014) – 0.01 cents per kilowatt hour

Industry – Composition of the electricity price in Germany 2018

• Procurement, network charges, distribution – 8.97 cents per kilowatt hour
• EEG surcharge – 6.79 cents per kilowatt hour
• Electricity tax – 1.54 cents per kilowatt hour
• Offshore liability levy (from 2013) – 0.04 cents per kilowatt hour
• §19 StromNEV surcharge – 0.24 cents per kilowatt hour
• CHP surcharge – 0.26 cents per kilowatt hour
• Concession fee – 0.11 cents per kilowatt hour
• Surcharge for interruptible loads (from 2014) – 0.01 cents per kilowatt hour

Industry – Composition of the electricity price in Germany 2017

• Procurement, network charges, distribution – 8.02 cents per kilowatt hour
• EEG surcharge – 6.88 cents per kilowatt hour
• Electricity tax – 1.54 cents per kilowatt hour
• Offshore liability levy (from 2013) – 0 cents per kilowatt hour
• §19 StromNEV surcharge – 0.25 cents per kilowatt hour
• CHP surcharge – 0.29 cents per kilowatt hour
• Concession fee – 0.11 cents per kilowatt hour
• Levy for interruptible loads (from 2014) – 0 cents per kilowatt hour

Photovoltaics and electromobility worldwide – Image: m.mphoto|Shutterstock.com

That solar energy is booming not only in Germany is evident from a look at Europe. According to the industry association Solarpower Europe, photovoltaic systems with a capacity of around 16.7 gigawatts (GW) were newly installed there last year. Compared to 2018, this represents an increase of a remarkable 104 percent.

The association's figures also show that sun-drenched Spain was the leader with 4.7 GW of installed capacity. Germany follows closely behind, having achieved a remarkable 4.0 GW in 2019. Both countries have very ambitious goals. Spain aims to increase the share of renewable energy in its electricity generation to 74 percent by 2030, while Germany is targeting 65 percent.

Walburga Hemetsberger, CEO of SolarPower Europe, commented: “Solar energy is flourishing in the European Union. We have entered a new era of solar growth, with more new solar capacity installed in 2019 than any other electricity generation technology. This installation boom shows that solar energy in Europe is on the right track, and with bold climate leadership from the new Commission, solar energy can help make the European Green Deal a reality.”.

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• Solar energy is gaining ground across Europe

Soon there will be a power outage – Image: ESB Professional|Shutterstock.com

The pace of photovoltaic expansion must be multiplied, otherwise a power shortage is imminent in 2023. Against the backdrop of recent social, economic, and political developments, the Bonn-based market and economic research company EUPD Research has updated a study it conducted last autumn in cooperation with the German Solar Association (BSW) and the innovation platform The smarter E.

Market researchers warn of a power generation gap due to the slow expansion of renewable energies (RE) while simultaneously phasing out nuclear and coal power – a shortfall of 46 terawatt hours is already projected for 2023 – tripling the pace of photovoltaic expansion can prevent this power gap – BSW: Adjust the government's expansion targets upwards and remove solar market barriers

Researchers in Bonn warn that a gap in Germany's electricity supply could emerge as early as 2023. They argue that security of supply can only be guaranteed and climate targets achieved if the current pace of photovoltaic expansion is doubled from 2021 and tripled from 2022.

As a consequence of the economic crisis resulting from the Corona pandemic, market researchers at EuPD Research predict a decline in net electricity demand of four percent to just under 500 terawatt hours (TWh) for 2020. However, forecasts for the economic recovery already anticipate an increase in electricity consumption by the economy in 2021.

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• The pace of photovoltaic expansion must be multiplied

CO2 neutrality with photovoltaics – Photo: Wetzkaz Graphics|shutterstock

Competitiveness and gaining market share come at a price. Therefore, Amazon leaves nothing to chance. Amazon is not only a leader in research spending, but also invests in expanding its robotics capabilities. Robotics is not only faster and more powerful, but also less prone to errors and more reliable. The underlying principle is this: the higher the level of automation through robotics, the lower the proportion of labor costs and the less the advantage of readily available, cheap labor.

Amazon has also made impressive progress in the field of photovoltaics, increasing its energy capacity from zero to almost 330 megawatts in just five years. This year, a 45 MW solar farm will be completed in Virginia and is expected to generate 100,000 megawatts of clean electricity annually. Solar parks are currently planned in Seville, Spain (149 MW), Lee County, Illinois (100 MW), and Northern Virginia (80 MW).

In the US, Amazon ranked first in 2018 for the number of installed solar power systems and second for the total number of solar power systems installed to date.

Worldwide, Amazon now has 70 renewable energy projects (21 wind and solar farms and 50 solar installations at logistics centers), with an estimated total capacity of 1,900 MW, providing 5.3 million megawatt hours (MWh) of climate-neutral electricity annually.

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• Autonomous power supply (CO2 neutrality)

Record share – Renewable Energy Management – ​​Image: ConceptCafe|Shutterstock.com

Net electricity generation in the first half of 2020: On July 1st, the Fraunhofer Institute for Solar Energy Systems ISE presented data on net public electricity generation for the first half of 2020, derived from the Energy-Charts data platform. With a share of 55.8 percent of net electricity generation for public use – that is, the electricity mix that comes out of the socket – renewable energies set a new record. In February, their share was even higher at 61.8 percent. Solar and wind power plants together fed 102.9 terawatt-hours (TWh) into the public grid, compared to 92.3 TWh in the first half of 2019. In contrast, electricity production from coal declined sharply: the share of lignite fell to 13.7 percent, and hard coal to just 6 percent. Wind energy, with a share of 30.6 percent, was once again the strongest energy source.

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• Renewable energies driven by strong winds