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Depending on the technology used, electricity from renewable energies can be produced significantly cheaper than electricity generated in conventional power plants. This is shown by a study by the Fraunhofer Institute for Solar Energy Systems ISE. Accordingly, electricity from gas turbines and hard coal-fired power plants is the most expensive to produce.
Photovoltaic systems convert solar radiation into electrical energy using solar cells. In a global comparison, Germany was recently one of the leading countries, along with China, the USA and Japan, in the use of photovoltaics to generate electricity.
In Germany, the installed capacity of photovoltaic systems increased continuously. In 2020, photovoltaic systems with an output of around 54 gigawatts were installed in Germany. The electricity generated by this amounted to around 51 terawatt hours of electricity in the same year. The largest capacities for generating solar power are in the south of Germany. Bavaria is currently by far the federal state with the largest capacities, followed by Baden-Württemberg.