The effects of artificial intelligence on the economy and labor market in the United States

New qualifications asked: The labor market in the Age of AI - a comprehensive analysis of the transformation of employment and business models

The introduction and rapid further development of artificial intelligence (AI) initiated an unprecedented transformation of the labor market in the United States, which brings both dramatic faults and new opportunities. While leading AI experts such as Dario Amodei, CEO of Anthropic, warn and predict that up to 50 percent of all entry positions in the office area could be lost, current data already show concrete effects in the USA for the first time, almost 4,000 jobs have been explicitly broken down due to AI implementations, while the job offers in the AI ​​area Since the end of 2022, 68 percent have risen. This development reveals a fundamental realignment of the economy, in which traditional employment structures are broken up, while new, technology -oriented jobs arise, but which require completely different qualifications.

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The disruption of traditional employment structures

Threat of entry positions and career paths

The effects of artificial intelligence manifest themselves particularly clearly in the systematic undermining of traditional career paths for young professionals. Anesh Raman, Chief Economic Opportunity Officer at LinkedIn, warns of a fundamental disorder of the career ladder, since AI is increasingly at risk of the types of positions that historically served as entry points for young specialists. This development is particularly worrying because it affects the “lowest shoots of the career ladder” and thus interrupts the traditional path to a professional career.

The analysis of signalfire, which evaluates career data of over 600 million employees and 80 million companies on LinkedIn, already shows concrete effects: The 15 largest tech companies have hired around 25 percent less university graduates in 2024 than in the previous year. Even with start-ups, the number of young professionals decreased by 11 percent. The main reason is the nature of many entry -level jobs, which consist of simple, repeatable tasks - exactly the type of work that generative AI can now take effect efficiently.

Huy Nguyen, Chief Education and Career Development Advisor at “Intelligent”, explains that entry roles in particular are at risk, as these can be replaced by AI. Many university graduates are typically set for positions that include information -related tasks such as research, data acquisition, customer support and general office assistance. These activities are essential for young professionals to gain practical experience, but at the same time to automate the easiest way to automate through AI systems.

Agency of internships and training opportunities

The situation is intensified by the systematic decline of available internships, which traditionally act as an important bridge between university formation and starting your career. Of the companies surveyed, 86 percent stated that despite the technological developments, five percent of the companies have already stopped filling internships because AI has already taken on the tasks of the intern. This development is particularly problematic because it creates a frustrating paradox for young professionals: they are not set because they have no experience, but they cannot gain experience if they are not set.

Large investment banks such as Goldman Sachs or Morgan Stanley are already discussing a reduction in the entry points by up to two thirds - including salary cuts. This development illustrates how even prestigious industries rethink their traditional recruitment models in order to take into account the efficiency gains by AI.

Industry -specific effects and transformations

Technology sector as a pioneer of change

The technology sector acts as a pioneer and at the same time as the main affected transformation. A comprehensive study under the leadership of Cisco with members of the Ai-Enabled ICT Workforce Consortium-including Accenture, Google, IBM, Microsoft and SAP-shows that 92 percent of IT jobs will change due to progress in AI strong or moderately. Beginners and medium-sized IT specialists are particularly affected: 40 percent of the positions at the medium level and 37 percent of the entry-level jobs change significantly.

In the future, fundamental AI knowledge and AI ethics will become more important in all IT jobs, while certain traditional skills lose importance. Jobs such as AI/ML Engineer, Data Scientist, Project Manager, Software Engineer or UX Designer will change most. At the same time, other skills lose importance, such as basic programming and language skills, traditional data management, creation of content, maintenance of documentation, SQL and information search.

The paradoxical situation can be seen in the fact that while the job offers in the AI ​​area have risen by 68 percent, the general vacancies have decreased by 17 percent in the same period. The decline in IT positions that are not directly connected to AI is even more drastic: these have dropped by 27 percent.

Financial and consulting industry under pressure

The financial and consulting industry faces considerable upheavals, since many analytical and advisory activities can increasingly be taken over by AI systems. The World Economic Forum (WEF) identifies classic office job entry roles such as market researchers or sales employees as particularly endangered, with up to 67 percent of the tasks to be replaced by AI in the latter. This development not only affects simple administrative activities, but increasingly also more complex analytical tasks that traditionally considered to be safe from automation.

Legal and professional services

Legal system also experiences a significant transformation through AI technologies. Companies such as Prevail develop AI-assisted platforms for testimony management and court reporting that revolutionize the traditional workflow in legal proceedings. These technologies enable AI-based transcription services, automatic summaries of testimony and integrated presentation and evidence management tools, which fundamentally changes traditional roles of clerk and legal assistant.

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Automation and increase in efficiency in different sectors

Comprehensive automation potential

Automation by AI records almost all economic sectors with different intensity. According to McKinsey, between 39 and 73 million jobs in the USA could be lost in the United States through automation, especially in the areas of production, transport and administration. The Brooking's institution predicts that around 36 million Americans have “high exposure” to automation - this means that at least 70 percent of their tasks could soon be carried out by machines with current technology.

Kefits, waiters and other people who work in gastronomy, short-distance truck drivers and office assistants are particularly affected. McKinsey estimates that up to 30 percent of the currently working hours in the US economy could be automated-a trend that is accelerated by generative AI. This automation will not be evenly distributed: While generative AI improves the way in which Stem, creative as well as business and legal specialists work without eliminating a significant number of jobs directly, other job categories will be more affected.

Security -critical areas and regulated industries

A more differentiated picture of AI integration is shown in security-critical areas such as aviation. Stefano Bonelli, project coordinator from Mahalo (Modern ATM via Human/Automation Learning Optimization), explains that despite the potential for better use of airspace, less traffic congestion and delays, as well as more security, current AI models do not yet have the necessary precision for the strict security standards in aviation. The challenge is to find the right balance between automation and human control.

Neural networks consist of thousands of trainable parameters, which would make it almost impossible to inspect and certify each individual. The training of the model is also a problem because the air traffic control is extremely complex and every possible variable and every conceivable scenario would have to be considered when training a AI system.

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New business models and strategic partnerships

Corporation cooperations in the AI ​​area

The AI ​​revolution has triggered a wave of strategic partnerships between established technology companies and specialized AI providers. SAP, one of the largest software providers worldwide, has announced extensive cooperation with Google Cloud, Meta, Microsoft, Mistral Ai and Nvidia to integrate generative AI in corporate solutions. These partnerships aim to use AI-enabled technology in order to quickly create innovations and enable more results.

The cooperation between SAP and Google Cloud, which aims to better predict and reduce risks in supply chains with corporate AI, is particularly remarkable. The two companies integrate Joule and the SAP Integrated Business Planning for Supply Chain in the AI ​​assistant based on Gemini models from Google Cloud. This type of integration shows how AI not only changes individual jobs, but revolutionizes entire business processes.

Specialized AI solutions for regulated industries

Capgemini, SAP and Mistral Ai have announced an extended cooperation that is intended to provide a trustworthy environment for customer-specific AI solutions in heavily regulated industries such as the financial sector and for supply companies. This partnership illustrates the growing need for specialized AI solutions that meet the strict compliance and security requirements of regulated industries.

Dassault Systèmes and Mistral Ai have announced a partnership for the combination of virtual twins and sovereign cloud infrastructure with Large Language Models (LLM). This cooperation aims to make advanced AI accessible to industry in a trustworthy environment and to protect intellectual property. The new outscale offer “Large Language Models As a Service” (LLMAAS) provides the commercial large Language Models from Mistral Ai about the sovereign infrastructure of outscale and corresponds to the highest security and compliance standards.

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Contradictory assessments and differentiated considerations

Optimistic perspectives and adaptability

Despite the dramatic warnings of massive job losses, there are also more optimistic assessments of the AI ​​effects. A KPMG survey in the USA shows that half of the employees believe that automation will help you at work. Almost half said that automation brings new career opportunities. These results indicate that employees have made an initial skepticism and concern towards AI and increasingly recognize their potential.

John Doel, Principal in KPMG's US staff advisory practice, explains that with increasing acceptance, the people with the effects that AI will have on their careers are becoming increasingly confidants. Around seven out of ten respondents stated that they use “automation tools” at least weekly, and one of three respondents confirmed to even use them every day. In comparison, only 28 percent of the employees stated that they were feared to lose their workplace through automation.

Productivity increase versus job destruction

The work economist Melanie Arntz and the vertical scientist Verena Nitsch agree that AI can make us more productive, but will also cost one or the other job. As long as AI only takes over the shares of work processes, the new technologies generally mean that we become more productive. AI also even creates new jobs: namely those who only make AI tools work- for example in the preparation and preparation of data, in the labeling of data and in the verification of data.

The World Economic Forum predicts that AI is suppressing 75 million jobs worldwide, but will create 133 million new jobs. However, the organization of Americans for Responsible Innovation (ARI) points out that economists are likely to underestimate job losses through AI because they overlook the flexibility of AI to also take on newly created jobs. Ari President Brad Carson warns: "Silicon Valley says you design technology that can replace human work, but many economists still paint a rosy picture when it comes to America's job view".

Demographic and regional effects

Unequal distribution of the stresses

The effects of the AI ​​revolution will not be evenly distributed across all population groups. McKinsey predicts that an additional 12 million professional transitions in the United States could be necessary by 2030. While people out of shrinking professions, the economy could develop towards higher -paid jobs. However, workers in low -paid jobs are more likely to change their jobs up to 14 times more likely to change their profession than those in the highest paid positions.

Women who are more likely to switch to new professions are particularly affected than men. This development could increase existing inequalities and make social mobility more difficult. Young employees who traditionally enter their professional life through entry positions are faced with special challenges, since these positions are most affected by automation.

Regional differences and structural effects

The changes will hit particularly hard in smaller cities, especially in the Heartland and Rust Belt states such as Indiana and Kentucky. These regions often have less diversified economic structures and more limited resources for retraining and economic transformation. The concentration of AI development and implementation in larger technology centers could increase regional inequalities.

McKinsey estimates that the net effect of automation will be negative without effective retraining measures with a loss of 19 to 23 million jobs. However, between 20 and 50 million new jobs could arise in the areas of technology, healthcare and education. The challenge is that many of the new jobs require specialized skills, which makes extensive retraining measures essential.

AI and the American dream: Is technology for division or inclusive chance?

The effects of artificial intelligence on the US labor market draw a complex image of profound transformation, which carries both dramatic challenges and significant opportunities. The evidence clearly indicates that we are at the beginning of a historical upheaval of the world of work, which is unprecedented in its extent and speed. While the most pessimistic forecasts speak of a “white collar Bloodbath” and see up to 50 percent of the entry positions, at the same time, more optimistic analyzes show that AI can also create significant productivity increases and new employment opportunities.

The central challenge lies in the unequal distribution of the effects: While highly qualified specialists can use AI as a tool for increasing the productivity in StEM areas, creative professions and management positions, young professionals and employees in routine-based activities are faced with existential threats of their employment opportunities. The fact that 25 percent fewer university graduates are already being discontinued in the tech industry and systematically eroding traditional career paths underlines the urgency of proactive political and entrepreneurial measures.

The resulting strategic partnerships between established companies and AI specialists illustrate that the economy is already actively responding to this transformation and developing new business models. At the same time, the need for extensive retraining measures and a redesign of the education system are becoming increasingly clear. The United States is faced with the task of managing 12 million professional transitions by 2030, with particularly disadvantaged groups such as women and low -qualified disproportionately affected.

Ultimately, the success of the AI ​​transformation will depend on whether it will be possible to distribute the advantages of the increase in productivity wider and at the same time set up social faults through targeted interventions. The next few years will be crucial for whether the AI ​​revolution leads to an improvement in the quality of work and living standards for the majority of Americans or contributes to further polarization of society.

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