VSB (part of TotalEnergies) is building a 303 MW solar park on 260 hectares northeast of Wrocław – electricity for 117,000 households from 2027 – Creative image: Xpert.Digital
Park Słoneczny | VSB Group – The mega-project in the Polish solar energy landscape
Lower Silesia as the center of Poland's energy transition
The Lower Silesian Voivodeship is developing into a central hub of Poland's photovoltaic revolution. One of Europe's most ambitious solar projects is currently under construction in this region: the VSB solar park, with an installed capacity of 303 megawatts peak, which, upon completion, could be among the largest photovoltaic plants in Poland. The VSB Group, a subsidiary of the French energy giant TotalEnergies, secured the contract for this flagship project in an auction held by the Polish energy regulator URE.
The project covers an area of more than 260 hectares northeast of the Silesian metropolis of Wrocław and represents a turning point in the Polish energy landscape. Once operational, the plant will generate enough clean energy annually to theoretically supply approximately 117,000 households with climate-friendly electricity. This amount of energy corresponds to a significant reduction in CO2 emissions and underscores the potential of large-scale solar projects for decarbonizing the Polish energy system.
The strategic positioning of VSB and TotalEnergies
The realization of this mega-project is being managed by the VSB Group, which has been a wholly owned subsidiary of TotalEnergies since April 2025. The French energy group acquired the VSB Group for a purchase price of €1.57 billion, thereby sending a clear signal of its ambitions in the renewable energy sector. This acquisition brings TotalEnergies an extensive project pipeline of over 18 gigawatts and more than 475 megawatts of installed capacity.
The acquisition aligns with TotalEnergies' strategic vision to achieve net electricity production of 100 terawatt-hours from renewable sources by 2030. VSB CEO Felix Grolman emphasizes that the group will be able to provide over five gigawatts of production and storage capacity in Europe alone in the coming years. This partnership combines VSB's long-standing expertise in renewable energy development with TotalEnergies' financial strength and global network.
Financing structure and regulatory framework
The VSB project benefits from an innovative financing structure via a Contract for Difference (CfD) agreement, which guarantees long-term price stability for 15 years. These CfD agreements have proven to be a reliable instrument for risk mitigation in large-scale renewable energy projects and provide investors with the necessary planning security. The financing model stipulates that projects are initially supported for up to 25 years, with a guaranteed, inflation-indexed feed-in tariff for the electricity generated during the first 100,000 operating hours at full capacity.
The Polish energy regulator URE regularly conducts auctions in which project developers compete for government subsidies. These auctions have proven to be an effective means of both keeping costs down for consumers and promoting the expansion of renewable energy. The new system has replaced the previous certificate model and, through mandatory direct marketing under the differential pricing system, offers a strong link to electricity price developments.
Timetable and technical implementation
Construction of the VSB project is scheduled to begin in October 2025, with grid connection planned for the second quarter of 2027. This timeline reflects the complexity of large-scale solar projects, which require extensive preparations in the areas of permitting, grid integration, and logistics. The fully approved project already has all necessary regulatory approvals and can therefore be implemented as planned.
The technical implementation of the project will incorporate state-of-the-art photovoltaic technology optimized for maximum energy yield and longevity. Hubert Kowalski, Managing Director of VSB Poland, emphasizes that the project could develop into one of Europe's largest hybrid energy projects within a few years, combining photovoltaics, battery storage, and wind power. This hybrid approach maximizes land-use efficiency and contributes to grid stability.
Poland as the leading photovoltaic market in Europe
Poland has developed into one of the most dynamic photovoltaic markets in Europe in recent years. By the end of May 2025, the installed photovoltaic capacity in Poland had already reached 22,636.3 megawatts, representing an impressive growth of 19.6 percent compared to the previous year. With a share of 64.16 percent of renewable energy, photovoltaics holds first place in the Polish renewable energy sector.
The development of the Polish solar market shows a clear shift from micro-installations to larger systems. While micro-installations accounted for 74.9 percent of installed capacity in 2022, this share fell to 63.9 percent by 2024. At the same time, the share of large photovoltaic farms grew considerably, reflecting the increasing professionalization and industrialization of the market.
Growth is driven by several factors: falling technology costs, increasing environmental awareness, supportive government programs such as "My Electricity" and "Clean Air," and rising prices for conventional energy. Poland holds a leading position in the European Union in terms of photovoltaic capacity growth and ranks fourth in capacity increase.
The role of Lower Silesia in the regional energy landscape
Lower Silesia has strategically positioned itself as a focal point for Polish photovoltaic development. In addition to the VSB project, numerous other significant solar parks are being built here, fundamentally transforming the region's energy profile. The geographical location offers optimal solar irradiance and possesses the necessary infrastructure for grid connection of large power generation plants.
The region benefits from its strategic proximity to Germany and the Czech Republic, which facilitates both technology transfer and potential cross-border energy trading. Lower Silesia boasts a well-developed infrastructure and a skilled workforce essential for the implementation and operation of complex energy projects. These factors have contributed to the establishment of several international energy companies in the region.
Other significant projects in the region include various solar parks of different sizes. SachsenEnergie AG, for example, has acquired three solar parks in the region with a total capacity of 23.1 megawatts peak. International corporations such as PepsiCo have also commissioned photovoltaic plants near Wrocław, which cover a significant portion of the energy needs of their production facilities.
Technological innovation and hybrid concepts
The VSB project in Lower Silesia represents more than just a conventional solar power plant. Plans envision the project being expanded into a hybrid energy system combining photovoltaics, battery storage, and wind power. This integrated approach increases grid stability and maximizes the yield from renewable energies through the complementarity of different energy sources.
Hybrid projects offer several advantages: They optimize land use, reduce grid connection and infrastructure costs, and improve security of supply through diversified energy generation. The integration of battery storage systems enables the intermediate storage of energy during peak production times and its release when needed, contributing to grid stability and improving the market integration of renewable energies.
VSB already has experience with hybrid projects in Poland. The company previously developed a combined wind and photovoltaic project with a potential for approximately 170 megawatts of installed capacity in Lower Silesia. This experience is being incorporated into the planning of the current 303-megawatt project and underscores the company's commitment to innovative energy solutions.
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More information here:
Solar power made in Poland: The incredible rise of an energy transition
Impact on the local economy and communities
Dialogue with local communities plays a crucial role in the success of the VSB project. Hubert Kowalski emphasizes that projects of this scale can only be realized with the consent and support of local stakeholders. VSB maintains an ongoing dialogue with the affected communities to jointly develop sustainable solutions for renewable energy projects.
Large-scale solar projects bring significant economic benefits to the region. During the construction phase, numerous jobs are created in various sectors, from site preparation and solar panel installation to electrical work and project management. Upon completion, the project generates long-term revenue through taxes and lease payments to local communities.
The establishment of large energy projects also contributes to the development of local infrastructure. Roads are often widened, grid capacities expanded, and technical expertise brought to the region. These investments have positive spillover effects on other sectors of the economy and can increase the region's attractiveness for further investment.
European energy strategy and Polish ambitions
The VSB project fits into the broader goals of the European energy strategy. As part of the REPowerEU plan, a solar energy strategy was adopted, which envisages dynamic development of photovoltaics. The strategy aims to increase the installed photovoltaic capacity in the EU to more than 320 gigawatts by 2025 and to almost 600 gigawatts by 2030.
New EU regulations make the installation of photovoltaic systems on the roofs of buildings mandatory in member states. In Poland, these regulations will be implemented gradually: from 2026 for new commercial and public buildings and from 2029 for new residential buildings. These regulatory changes will further stimulate demand for solar energy and contribute to the popularization of this technology.
Poland has ambitious national targets for expanding renewable energy. By 2025, installed photovoltaic capacity is expected to reach 22 to 27 gigawatts, a significant increase compared to previous years. Annual growth in installed capacity could exceed 20 percent between 2022 and 2025, and photovoltaics could account for 18 percent of total national electricity generation.
Energy transition made in Poland: Opportunities and prospects of photovoltaics
Despite its impressive growth, the Polish photovoltaic sector faces several challenges. Integrating large amounts of volatile renewable energy into the existing electricity grid requires significant investment in grid infrastructure and storage technologies. Modernizing and expanding the grid is crucial to fully utilizing the capacity of planned solar projects.
Another critical aspect is the development of storage technologies. Battery storage systems are becoming increasingly important to compensate for fluctuations in solar power generation and to ensure a stable energy supply. Poland has already conducted its first tenders for combined photovoltaic-storage projects, underscoring the growing importance of these technologies.
The successful implementation of the VSB project will depend crucially on various factors. Kowalski points out that its success will hinge on future economic conditions and regulatory requirements. Political stability, continued support for renewable energies, and a predictable regulatory framework are essential for the sector's continued growth.
VSB as a pioneer of renewable energies in Poland
VSB has established itself as one of the leading renewable energy developers in Poland. The company can already point to successful projects, including the 190.8-megawatt Miejska Górka wind farm, currently the largest onshore wind farm in the country. This project was developed for the client and partner TAURON Zielona Energia and underscores VSB's ability to successfully implement complex, large-scale projects.
Furthermore, VSB has successfully commissioned the Racibórz wind farm with a total capacity of 41.6 megawatts. This plant saves approximately 44,000 tons of CO2 emissions annually and theoretically supplies around 36,000 households in the Silesian region of southern Poland with cleanly produced electricity. The experience gained from these projects is being incorporated into the planning and implementation of the 303-megawatt solar park.
VSB is increasingly relying on hybrid energy solutions that combine various renewable energy sources. This integrated approach increases grid stability and maximizes the yield from renewable energies. Combining wind, solar, and storage technologies in a single project enhances security of supply and improves the flexibility of the energy system.
Market development and competitive environment
The Polish renewable energy market has become increasingly competitive. Besides VSB, numerous other international companies are active, including RWE, which won bids for 31 solar projects with a total capacity of 84 megawatts at the recent Polish auction. This diversity of market players contributes to innovation and cost reductions.
RWE already operates wind farms with a total installed capacity of 541 megawatts and photovoltaic solar parks with a total capacity of 91 megawatts in Poland. The company is also developing its first Polish offshore project, the FEW Baltic II offshore wind farm, signaling the expansion of renewable energies into maritime areas.
The presence of international corporations like hep, which has acquired a 100-megawatt portfolio of photovoltaic projects in Poland, underscores the attractiveness of the Polish market. These companies bring international experience, advanced technologies, and capital to the Polish market, further accelerating its growth.
Technological trends and innovations
The Polish photovoltaic industry benefits from continuous technological advancements. The efficiency of solar modules is constantly increasing, while costs continue to fall. New technologies such as bifacial modules, which can absorb sunlight from both sides, and advanced inverter technologies contribute to improved energy yield.
Integration into intelligent energy management systems is becoming increasingly important. Smart grid technologies enable optimized control of energy production and distribution, which is particularly advantageous for large-scale solar projects. These systems can improve grid stability and facilitate more efficient integration of renewable energies.
Digitalization is playing an increasingly important role in the monitoring and maintenance of solar power plants. Modern monitoring systems use artificial intelligence and machine learning to detect anomalies early and increase maintenance efficiency. These technologies contribute to extending the lifespan of plants and maximizing energy production.
Environmental impact and sustainability
The VSB project will significantly contribute to reducing CO2 emissions in Poland. By generating clean electricity for 117,000 households, the project will reduce the demand for fossil fuel-generated energy. This is particularly important in Poland, where electricity production has traditionally relied heavily on coal-fired power plants.
The environmental impacts of large-scale solar parks are carefully assessed and minimized. Modern planning approaches consider the protection of biodiversity, the preservation of habitats, and integration into the existing landscape. Extensive grazing or near-natural vegetation can often be established between the solar modules, contributing to the preservation of ecological diversity.
The recyclability of photovoltaic modules is becoming increasingly important. The industry is developing circular economy models that ensure the sustainable disposal and recycling of materials at the end of their service life. These approaches further reduce the ecological footprint of solar energy and support the sustainability of the entire value chain.
Central and Eastern Europe on the move: Poland's path to decarbonization
The VSB project in Lower Silesia marks a turning point in Poland's energy transition and could serve as a model for similar large-scale projects in other European markets. Its successful implementation will further strengthen Poland's position as a leading photovoltaic market in Europe and encourage international investors to develop further projects.
The strategic partnership between VSB and TotalEnergies lays the foundation for an accelerated expansion of renewable energies in Europe. With a project pipeline of over 18 gigawatts and the financial resources of TotalEnergies, the group is well positioned to play a leading role in the European energy transition.
Developments in Poland could also have an impact on other Central and Eastern European markets. Countries like Bulgaria, Romania, and the Czech Republic are closely observing Poland's successes and could adopt similar support models and development strategies. This could contribute to a regional acceleration of the energy transition and strengthen Central and Eastern Europe's position as a key region for renewable energy.
The VSB mega-project thus not only represents the progress of solar energy in Poland, but also symbolizes the broader transition to a sustainable, decarbonized energy future in Europe. With its planned completion in 2027, it will make a significant contribution to European climate policy and serve as a flagship project for the next generation of renewable energy projects.
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